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University of Wisconsin-Extension

Custom Nitrogen Research Protocols

Written by Megan Blauwet Posted on August 31, 2026August 31, 2026
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UW–Madison Extension’s on-farm research team has several example custom nitrogen research protocols here.

If you’re looking for 2027 Nitrogen Optimization Pilot Program research projects and protocols, visit our NOPP Protocols webpage.


Cover Crop Management Comparison Trial

Investigate the effect of cover crop management, such as species selection or termination timing, across a standard and reduced commercial nitrogen rate.

Using a replicated research design, this protocol evaluates:

  • The effect of cover crops
  • Nitrogen rates
  • The impact of the two on:
    • Yield
    • Marginal net return
    • Nitrogen use efficiency
    • Potentially leachable nitrogen
Download Example Protocol

Nitrogen Application Timing Comparison Trial

Investigate the effect of nitrogen application timing, such as a pre-plant, sidedress, or split application, across a standard and reduced commercial nitrogen rate.

Using a replicated research design, this protocol evaluates:

  • The effect of nitrogen application timing
  • Nitrogen rates
  • The impact of the two on:
    • Yield
    • Marginal net return
    • Nitrogen use efficiency
    • Potentially leachable nitrogen
Download Example Protocol

Nitrogen Source Comparison Trial

Investigate the effect of nitrogen source, such as urea or UAN, across a standard and reduced commercial nitrogen rate.

Using a replicated research design, this protocol evaluates:

  • The effect of nitrogen sources
  • Nitrogen rates
  • The impact of the two on:
    • Yield
    • Marginal net return
    • Nitrogen use efficiency
    • Potentially leachable nitrogen
Download Example Protocol

Nitrogen Placement Comparison Trial

Investigate the effect of nitrogen placement, such as broadcast, Y-drop, or injection, across a standard and reduced commercial nitrogen rate.

Using a replicated research design, this protocol evaluates:

  • The effect of nitrogen placement
  • Nitrogen rates
  • The impact of the two on:
    • Yield
    • Marginal net return
    • Nitrogen use efficiency
    • Potentially leachable nitrogen
Download Example Protocol

Product Trial

Investigate the effect of a product, such as an inhibitor or biological, across a standard and reduced commercial nitrogen rate.

Using a replicated research design, this protocol evaluates:

  • The effect of nitrogen products
  • Nitrogen rates
  • The impact of the two on:
    • Yield
    • Marginal net return
    • Nitrogen use efficiency
    • Potentially leachable nitrogen
Download Example Protocol

UW–Madison Extension’s on-farm research team has several example custom nitrogen research protocols here.

If you’re looking for 2027 Nitrogen Optimization Pilot Program research projects and protocols, visit our NOPP Protocols webpage.

Choose an Example Custom Project

Cover Crop Management Comparison Trial

Nitrogen Application Timing Comparison Trial

Nitrogen Source Comparison Trial

Nitrogen Placement Comparison Trial

Product Trial

Cover Crop Management Comparison Trial

Investigate the effect of cover crop management, such as species selection or termination timing, across a standard and reduced commercial nitrogen rate.

Using a replicated research design, this protocol evaluates:

  • The effect of cover crops
  • Nitrogen rates
  • The impact of the two on:
    • Yield
    • Marginal net return
    • Nitrogen use efficiency
    • Potentially leachable nitrogen
Download Example Protocol

Nitrogen Application Timing Comparison Trial

Investigate the effect of nitrogen application timing, such as a pre-plant, sidedress, or split application, across a standard and reduced commercial nitrogen rate.

Using a replicated research design, this protocol evaluates:

  • The effect of application timing
  • Nitrogen rates
  • The impact of the two on:
    • Yield
    • Marginal net return
    • Nitrogen use efficiency
    • Potentially leachable nitrogen
Download Example Protocol

Nitrogen Source Comparison Trial

Investigate the effect of nitrogen source, such as urea or UAN, across a standard and reduced commercial nitrogen rate.

Using a replicated research design, this protocol evaluates:

  • The effect of nitrogen sources
  • Nitrogen rates
  • The impact of the two on:
    • Yield
    • Marginal net return
    • Nitrogen use efficiency
    • Potentially leachable nitrogen
Download Example Protocol

Nitrogen Placement Comparison Trial

Investigate the effect of nitrogen placement, such as broadcast, Y-drop, or injection, across a standard and reduced commercial nitrogen rate.

Using a replicated research design, this protocol evaluates:

  • The effect of nitrogen placement
  • Nitrogen rates
  • The impact of the two on:
    • Yield
    • Marginal net return
    • Nitrogen use efficiency
    • Potentially leachable nitrogen
Download Example Protocol

Product Trial

Investigate the effect of a product, such as an inhibitor or biological, across a standard and reduced commercial nitrogen rate.

Using a replicated research design, this protocol evaluates:

  • The effect of nitrogen products
  • Nitrogen rates
  • The impact of the two on:
    • Yield
    • Marginal net return
    • Nitrogen use efficiency
    • Potentially leachable nitrogen
Download Example Protocol
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